Liver X Receptors Panel (LXRα, LXRβ)
Product Family | Product Number | Product Description | Technical Manual |
Liver X Receptor (LXRα, LXRβ) |
IB00321-48P | Human Liver X Receptor Panel (LXRα, LXRβ), 2x 48-well assays |
Technical Manual |
This Liver X Receptor PANEL is an all inclusive assay system which includes in addition to reporter cells for each LXR, optimized growth media, media for diluting test compounds, a control agonist for each LXR, luciferase detection reagent, a cell culture-ready assay plate in strip-well format so that (if preferred) LXRα and LXRβ assays may be performed at different times, detailed protocol, and a protocol quick guide.
This PANEL contains sufficient materials to perform 48 LXRα assays and 48 LXRβ assays, all in a single 96-well plate format.
LXR Reporter Cells are prepared using INDIGO’s proprietary CryoMite™ process. This cryo-preservation method yields high cell viability post-thaw, and provides the convenience of immediately dispensing healthy, division-competent reporter cells into assay plates. There is no need for intermediate spin-and-wash steps, viability determinations, or cell titer adjustments.
INDIGO’s assay kits feature a luciferase detection reagent specially formulated to provide stable light emission between 5 and 90+ minutes after initiating the luciferase reaction. Incorporating a 5-minute reaction-rest period ensures that light emission profiles attain maximal stability, thereby allowing assay plates to be processed in batch. By doing so, the signal output from all sample wells, from one plate to the next, may be directly compared within an experimental set.
Bulk assay reagents can be custom manufactured to accommodate any scale of HTS. Please inquire.
Liver X receptor α (LXR-α or LXRα) is a nuclear receptor protein encoded by the NR1H3 gene (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 3). The Liver X receptors (LXRs) were originally identified as orphan members of the nuclear receptor superfamily because their ligands were unknown. Like other receptors in the family, LXRs heterodimerize with retinoid X receptor and bind to specific response elements (LXREs) characterized by direct repeats separated by 4 nucleotides.
Liver X receptor β (LXR-β or LXRβ) is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. LXRβ is encoded by the NR1H2 gene (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 2). The Liver X receptors (LXRs) were originally identified as orphan members of the nuclear receptor superfamily because their ligands were unknown. Like other receptors in the family, LXRs heterodimerize with retinoid X receptor and bind to specific response elements (LXREs) characterized by direct repeats separated by 4 nucleotides.
This Liver X Receptor PANEL of assays utilizes non-human mammalian cells engineered to express the human LXR proteins: LXRα (NR1H3) and LXRβ (NR1H2).
The primary application of INDIGO’s cell-based nuclear receptor assays are to quantitatively assess the bioactivity of a test compound as an agonist (activator) or antagonist (inhibition of an agonist response) of a given receptor. Service assays include a positive control reference compound and ‘vehicle’ control for every experiment. A formal study report and all data files are provided to the client upon completion of the study. To receive a quote for your proposed study, complete & submit the online “Request a Quote” form or contact an INDIGO Customer Service Representative to discuss your desired study parameters.
Bergapten inhibits liver carcinogenesis by modulating LXR/PI3K/Akt and IDOL/LDLR pathways
ABSTRACT Oxysterol receptors LXRs (α and β) are recently reported to be one of the novel and potential therapeutic targets in reducing cell proliferation and tumor growth in different system model. Activation of LXRs is correlated with modification of PI3K/Akt pathway. LXRs are also found to play a critical role in maintaining lipid homeostatais byRead More
Differential modulation of FXR activity by chlorophacinone and ivermectin analogs
ABSTRACT Chemicals that alter normal function of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) have been shown to affect the homeostasis of bile acids, glucose, and lipids. Several structural classes of environmental chemicals and drugs that modulated FXR transactivation were previously identified by quantitative high-throughput screening (qHTS) of the Tox21 10 K chemical collection. In the present study, weRead More
Effects of Munitions Compounds on Xenobiotic-Activated Nuclear Receptors and Signaling Pathways
ABSTRACT Exposure to certain munitions compounds is know to alter physiological functions in test organisms, however little is known about their molecular and cellular effects. Several nuclear receptors are regulated by xenobiotic compounds. These nuclear receptors belong to a class of ligand-activated transcription factors that, when heterodimerized with RXRa and bound to their respective DNARead More
Identification of a Chrysanthemic Ester as an Apolipoprotein E Inducer in Astrocytes
ABSTRACT The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is the most highly associated susceptibility locus for late onset Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), and augmenting the beneficial physiological functions of apoE is a proposed therapeutic strategy. In a high throughput phenotypic screen for small molecules that enhance apoE secretion from human CCF-STTG1 astrocytoma cells, we show the chrysanthemic esterRead More
Indigo Announces In Vitro Toxicology Platform
In vitro toxicology platform provides predictive model of liver toxicity. Aims to reduce the high rates of drug-induced liver damage State College, PA (May 4, 2016) INDIGO Biosciences, the recognized industry leader in nuclear receptor research, has completed development of an in vitro toxicology platform, meeting the demand for predictive liver toxicity models. INDIGO’s inRead More
The Flavone Luteolin Inhibits Liver X Receptor Activation
ABSTRACT Luteolin is a dietary flavonoid with medicinal properties including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, antiallergic, and anti-inflammatory. However, the effect of luteolin on liver X receptors (LXRs), oxysterol sensors that regulate cholesterol homeostasis, lipogenesis, and inflammation, has yet to be studied. To unveil the potential of luteolin as an LXRα/β modulator, we investigated by real-time RT-PCRRead More
In vitro assessment of human nuclear hormone receptor activity and cytotoxicity of the fame retardant mixture FM 550 and its triarylphosphate and brominated components
ABSTRACT Firemaster®550 (FM 550) is a mixture of brominated and triarylphosphate flame retardants used in polyurethane foam-based products. The primary components are also used in numerous other applications and are thus common household and industrial contaminants. Our previous animal studiessuggested that FM 550 exposure may alter metabolism and cause weight gain. Employing human nuclear receptorRead More
Regulation of inflammatory and lipid metabolism genes by eicosapentaenoic acid-rich oil
ABSTRACT Omega-3-PUFAs, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are associated with prevention of various aspects of metabolic syndrome. In the present studies, the effects of oil rich in EPA on gene expression and activation of nuclear receptors was examined and compared with other 3-PUFAs. The EPA-rich oil (EO) altered the expression of FA metabolism genes in THP-1 cells, including stearoylRead More
Differential Activation of Nuclear Receptors by Perflunoriated Fatty Acid Analogs and Natural Fatty Acids: A Comparison of Human, Mouse, and Rat Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Receptor-a, -b, and -c, Liver X Receptor-b, and Retinoid X Receptor-a
ABSTRACT Administration of ammonium salts of perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) to rats results in peroxisome proliferation and benign liver tumors, events associated with activation of the nuclear receptor (NR) peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-a (PPARa). Due to its fatty acid structure, PFOA may activate other NRs, such as PPARb, PPARg, liver X receptor (LXR), or retinoid X receptor (RXR). In this study, theRead More